Indian Railways (IR) is presently the most important public sector endeavor of the govt. of Asian country with a capital of roughly Rs 560,000 million. The Acts control the development and operation of railways in Asian country are the Indian Tramway Act of 1816 and also the Indian Railways Act of 1890, as amended from time to time. the chief authority in reference to the administration of the Railways vests with the Central Government and is delegated to the Railway Board in accordance with the Indian Railways Act mentioned on top of.
Railway Board
The responsibility of the administration and management of Indian Railways rests with the Railway Board below the general oversight of the Minister for Railways. The Railway Board regularly exercises all the powers of the Central Government in relation to the act of regulation, construction, maintenance and operation of the Railways in regularly.
The Railway Board consists of a boss, a monetary commissioner for railways, and 5 different useful members. The chairman is that the ex-officio principal secretary to the govt. of Asian country within the Ministry of Railways. He reports to the Minister for Railways and is chargeable for creating choices on technical and body matters and advising the govt. of Asian country on matters of railway policy. All policy and different vital matters are place up to the Minister through the chairman or different board members.
The Financial commissioner for railways is unconditional with the complete powers of the govt. of India to sanction railway expenditure and is that the ex-officio secretary to the govt. of India in monetary Ministry of Railways matters. The members of the Railway Board are one by one responsible of matters about workers, applied science, traffic, engineering, and applied science. They perform as ex-officio secretaries to the govt. of Asian country in their various spheres.
To be able to effectively tackle the extra duties and responsibilities arising from exaggerated tempo of labor, the Railway Board is power-assisted by variety of technical officers selected further members and government administrators, World Health Organization are in-charge of various directorates like applied science, mechanical , electrical, stores, traffic and transportation, commercial, and coming up with and are chargeable for winding up technical functions. These officers, however, don't build major policy choices.
Research Design and Standards Organization (RDSO)
He analysis Design and Standards Organization (RDSO) is headquartered at Lucknow. it's headed by a director general World Health Organization contains a team of specialists from completely different fields of railways. RDSO functions as a technical authority and authority to the Railway Board, the zonal railways, and production units moreover on public and personal sector undertakings with relation to the styles and standardization of railway instrumentation.
RDSO has additionally been approved for its quality management system ISO 9001:2000.
Zonal Railway
The entire railway was earlier divided into 9 zonal railways. to extend potency, the Railway Ministry set to line up seven new railway zones, namely, North Western Railway at Jaipur, East Central Railway at Hajipur, East Coast Railway at Bhubaneswar, North Central Railway at Allahabad, South Western Railway at city, West Central Railway at metropolis, and South East Central Railway at Bilaspur. All the new railway zones are absolutely useful from one Gregorian calendar month 2003.
Presently, Indian Railways is split into sixteen zones, every with separate Zonal Railways as given in Table-1.
| S.N. | Zone | Railway | Headquarter |
| 1 | Central | CR | Mumbai |
| 2 | Eastern | ER | Kolkata |
| 3 | East Central | ECR | Hajipur |
| 4 | East Coast | EcoR | Bhunaneswar |
| 5 | Northern | NR | Delhi |
| 6 | North Central | NCR | Allahabad |
| 7 | North Eastern | NER | Gorakhpur |
| 8 | Northeast Frontier | NFR | Maligaon |
| 9 | North Western | NWR | Jaipur |
| 10 | South Central | SCR | Secunderabad |
| 11 | South Eastern | SER | Kolkata |
| 12 | South Eat Central | SECR | Bilaspur |
| 13 | South Western | SWR | Hubli |
| 14 | Western | WR | Mumbai |
| 15 | West Central | WCR | Jabalpur |
| 16 | Southern | SR | Chennai |
Production Units
Apert from zonal railways, there are six production units. The details given in table-2.
| S.N. | Unit | Headquarters | Production |
| 1 | Chitteranian Locomotive works | Chitteranjan | Electric locomotives |
| 2 | Diesel Locomotive works | Vanarasi | Deisel locomotives |
| 3 | Integral Coach Factory | Chennai | Coaches |
| 4 | Diesel Components Works | Patiala | Diesel Components |
| 5 | Rail Coach Factory | Kapurthala | Coaches |
| 6 | Wheel and Axle Plant | Bangalore | Wheels and axles |
COFMOW
The Central Organization for Modernization of Workshops (COFMOW) was established in 1979 as a specialized agency to implement the varied workshop modernization programs of Indian Railways. Most of the workshops of IR are over one hundred years previous and COFMOW is modernizing these workshops in a very planned manner with the help of the World Bank.
COFMOW additionally provides practice and engineering inputs for technology upgradation, productivity improvement, machinery choice, and acquisition besides coaching of personnel operative and maintenance of producing infrastructure.
COFMOW has been actively concerned within the conversion of meter gauge wheeled vehicle repair workshops to railroad repair retailers by characteristic and choosing compatible machinery and plants. At present, COFMOW is actively concerned within the upgradation of producing facilities at DLW and CLW to equip them to manufacture progressive locomotives of General Motors and Alstom style, severally.
COFMOW has recently power-assisted Indian Railways in putting Associate in Nursing order for twelve locomotive simulators at a complete value of Rs 980 million. These simulators can facilitate the Railways in providing safe and economical operation of trains to fulfill the strain of skyrocketing traffic by coaching the workers below simulated operational conditions.
Divisions
Zonal railways work on the divisional system. every railway is split into 3 to 6 divisions, every division having just about 700 to a thousand route metric linear unit in its territory. There are concerning sixty seven divisions of Indian Railways. every division works below the general management of a divisional railway manager, World Health Organization is power-assisted by one or 2 further divisional railway managers. There are divisional officers responsible of every discipline either within the junior body grade or the senior scale, namely, divisional superintending engineer (DSE) or divisional engineer for applied science, senior divisional applied scientist or divisional applied scientist for engineering, senior divisional industrial manager or divisional industrial manager for industrial work, etc.
